Amphetamine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that increases alertness, wakefulness, and physical activity. It is used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy, a sleep disorder that causes excessive daytime sleepiness. Amphetamine is also a Schedule II controlled substance, meaning that it has a high potential for abuse and addiction.
How Amphetamine Works
Amphetamine works by increasing the levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters are involved in regulating attention, mood, and energy levels. When amphetamine is taken, it increases the release of these neurotransmitters into the synapse, where they can bind to and activate receptors on other neurons. This leads to increased activity in the brain, which can result in improved attention, focus, and energy levels.
Dosages
The amphetamine dosages vary depending on the individuals age, weight, and medical condition. The starting dose for adults is typically 5-10 mg per day, taken in the morning or early afternoon. The dose can be increased gradually as needed, but should not exceed 60 mg per day.
For children, the starting dose is typically 2.5-5 mg per day, taken in the morning or early afternoon. The dose can be increased gradually as needed, but should not exceed 40 mg per day.
It is important to note that amphetamine is a stimulant and can cause side effects such as anxiety, insomnia, and loss of appetite. It is important to start with a low dose and increase the dose gradually as needed to minimize the risk of side effects.
If you are taking amphetamine, it is important to talk to your doctor about the best dosage for you. Your doctor will monitor your response to the medication and adjust the dosage as needed.
Here are some additional tips for taking amphetamine:
- Take amphetamine with food or milk to reduce the risk of stomach upset.
- Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day to avoid dehydration.
- Avoid taking amphetamine in the evening, as it can make it difficult to fall asleep.
- If you miss a dose of amphetamine, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.
Warnings
Amphetamine is not safe for everyone. It is important to talk to your doctor before taking amphetamine if you have any of the following conditions:
- Heart disease.
- High blood pressure.
- Overactive thyroid.
- Glaucoma
- History of psychosis or bipolar disorder
- Substance use disorder
Amphetamine can also interact with other medications, so it is important to tell your doctor about all of the medications you are taking, including over-the-counter medications, herbal supplements, and vitamins.
Before Taking Amphetamine
If your doctor prescribes amphetamine, there are a few things you should do before taking it:
- Read the medication guide carefully. This guide will give you important information about the medication, including its possible side effects and interactions with other drugs.
- Start with the lowest dose possible and increase the dose gradually as needed. This will help to minimize the risk of side effects.
- Take amphetamine in the morning or early afternoon. Taking amphetamine in the evening can make it difficult to fall asleep.
- Avoid caffeine and alcohol while taking amphetamine. These substances can interact with amphetamine and increase the risk of side effects.
Side Effects
The most common side effects of amphetamine include:
- Nervousness.
- Anxiety.
- Insomnia
- Loss of appetite
- Headache
- Dry mouth
- Stomach upset
Less common side effects of amphetamine include:
- High blood pressure
- .Rapid heart rate
- Chest pain
- Hallucinations
- Seizures
Abuse and Addiction
Amphetamine is a Schedule II controlled substance, meaning that it has a high potential for abuse and addiction. People who abuse amphetamine may take higher doses than prescribed or take the drug without a prescription. They may also crush and snort or inject amphetamine, which can increase the risk of side effects and overdose.
Symptoms of amphetamine abuse and addiction include:
- Taking higher doses of amphetamine than prescribed or taking the drug without a prescription.
- Taking amphetamine to get high or to feel good
- Taking amphetamine to stay awake or alert for long periods of time
- Needing more and more amphetamine to get the same effect
- Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when you stop taking amphetamine
- Stomach upset
If you are concerned that you or someone you know may be abusing amphetamine, please talk to a doctor or mental health professional.
Overdose
An overdose of amphetamine can be fatal. Symptoms of amphetamine overdose include:
- High body temperature
- Rapid heart rate
- Rapid breathing
- Chest pain
- Confusion
- Seizures
- Coma
- Hallucinations
If you suspect that someone has overdosed on amphetamine, call 911 immediately.
Conclusion
Amphetamine is a powerful medication that can be helpful for people with ADHD and narcolepsy. However, it is important to be aware of the risks of abuse and addiction. If you are considering taking amphetamine, talk to your doctor about the potential benefits and risks.
